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Understanding DoubleZero and Solana infrastructure

what_is_dz.viz

What is DoubleZero?

Without DoubleZero

[Validator A]
     |
  ~~~|~~~ Public Internet
     |    (50-100ms latency)
  ~~~|~~~ Multiple hops
     |    Congestion
     |
[Validator B]

With DoubleZero

[Validator A]
     |
     | Direct Fiber
     | (10-20ms latency)
     | Single hop
     | Dedicated bandwidth
     |
[Validator B]

DoubleZero replaces unreliable public internet with dedicated fiber connections, providing validators with faster, more consistent block propagation.

concepts.md

Key Concepts

[]Block Production

Validators take turns producing blocks according to a predetermined schedule. Each slot (400ms) has an assigned leader who creates the block.

>>Leader Schedule

The order in which validators produce blocks is determined by stake-weighted randomness at the start of each epoch (~2 days).

~~Latency

The time it takes for data to travel between points. Lower latency means faster transaction confirmation and better MEV opportunities.

##Stake Weight

Validators with more SOL staked have more slots assigned to them. DZ validators collectively have ~22% of total stake.

$$MEV

Maximal Extractable Value - profit extracted by reordering transactions. Lower latency validators have advantages in MEV extraction.

()Epoch

A period of ~2 days (432,000 slots) after which leader schedules are recalculated and staking rewards distributed.

how_coverage_works.md

How DZ Coverage Works

1

You submit a transaction

Your transaction enters the mempool and waits to be included in a block

2

A validator produces the block

The scheduled leader for that slot includes your transaction in their block

3

We check if they are DZ-connected

Using validators.app data, we identify if the block producer uses DoubleZero

4

Your coverage is calculated

The percentage of your transactions on DZ validators = your DZ coverage

benefits.md

Why DZ Matters

For Traders

  • + Faster transaction confirmation
  • + Reduced slippage on swaps
  • + Better arbitrage opportunities
  • + More reliable liquidations

For Validators

  • + Competitive edge in block production
  • + Lower skip rates
  • + Better MEV extraction
  • + Higher reliability

For the Network

  • + Faster block propagation
  • + Reduced network congestion
  • + Higher throughput
  • + Improved decentralization

For Users

  • + Better UX with fast confirmations
  • + More predictable transaction times
  • + Reduced failed transactions
  • + Better prices on DEXes
faq.md

Frequently Asked Questions

DoubleZero is a dedicated high-performance fiber network infrastructure built specifically for blockchain validators. It provides direct, low-latency connections between validators worldwide, bypassing the congestion and routing inefficiencies of the public internet.
resources.md

Learn More

DoubleZero Official

doublezero.xyz

Validators.app

Validator analytics and DZ status

Solana Docs

Technical documentation

Solana Beach

Validator explorer